Bipolar disorder symptoms

If you’re living with bipolar disorder, you may notice changes in your mood, energy levels and ability to function day to day. These shifts can be intense and difficult to manage, but with the right treatment and support, it’s possible to live well with the condition.

Bipolar disorder is characterised by distinct periods of mania or hypomania, depressive episodes, or a mix of both. Each phase can bring its own set of symptoms, which may vary in intensity from person to person.

Signs of bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder is often recognised by a pattern of extreme highs and lows in mood. These changes can impact relationships, work, and everyday responsibilities. It’s important to look for ongoing patterns of behaviour rather than isolated incidents.

Common signs can include:

Mania or hypomania

• Elevated or irritable mood lasting for days or weeks
• Increased self-confidence or grandiosity
• Talking more than usual or feeling pressured to keep talking
• Becoming easily distracted
• Reduced need for sleep without feeling tired
• Impulsive behaviour such as overspending or risky activities

Depressive episodes

• Persistent sadness or low mood
• Loss of interest in activities you once enjoyed
• Feelings of worthlessness or guilt
• Difficulty concentrating or making decisions
• Changes in appetite or weight
• Fatigue or loss of energy
• Thoughts of self-harm or suicide

It’s also common to experience changes in temper and increased anxiety during either phase. Some people with bipolar disorder also have co-existing conditions such as anxiety disorders.

Psychotic symptoms

Not everyone with bipolar disorder will experience psychosis, but it can occur, especially during severe episodes.

During manic episodes, psychosis may involve beliefs that are not grounded in reality, such as feeling you have special powers or status. During depressive episodes, it might involve overwhelming guilt or feelings of blame for things that haven’t happened.

If you experience symptoms like hallucinations or delusions, it’s important to seek professional help promptly. At Priory, treatment plans can address both bipolar symptoms and any psychotic features, aiming to reduce their frequency and intensity.

Patterns of symptoms

Bipolar disorder can present in different ways. You may have clear periods of wellness between episodes, or symptoms may feel more persistent.

Rapid cycling

Some people experience four or more mood episodes in a year. These can switch between mania, hypomania, depression, or mixed states.

Mixed state

In a mixed state, symptoms of mania and depression occur at the same time. For example, you might feel energised yet hopeless, or experience racing thoughts alongside deep sadness.

Managing bipolar disorder symptoms

If you think you may have bipolar disorder, there are practical steps you can take alongside professional treatment, such as:

• Monitoring your mood and recognising early warning signs
• Keeping a regular daily routine
• Managing stress through relaxation techniques
• Taking care of your physical health
• Building a strong support network
• Having a plan for managing symptoms during more difficult periods

While self-management can help, professional treatment is key to effectively managing bipolar disorder. At Priory, we offer evidence-based therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) to help you understand your condition, manage mood cycles, and develop lifelong coping skills.